Relationship between plasma high mobility group box-1 protein levels and clinical outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Table 2 The factors associated with 1-year mortality

	Non-survivors	Survivors	Pvalue
	(n = 42)	(n = 261)
Sex (male/female)	18/24	113/148	0.958
Age (years)	45.4 ± 13.4	43.6 ± 12.2	0.389
WFNS score on admission	4.0 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 1.0	<0.001
Modified Fisher score on admission	4.2 ± 0.6	2.5 ± 0.8	<0.001
Aneurysmal location			0.614
Posterior communication artery	8 (19.0%)	75 (28.7%)
Internal carotid artery	6 (14.3%)	37 (14.2%)
Anterior communication artery	9 (21.4%)	57 (21.8%)
Middle cerebral artery	7 (16.7%)	38 (14.6%)
Anterior cerebral artery	6 (14.3%)	29 (11.1%)
Posterior cerebral artery	4 (9.5%)	19 (7.3%)
Vertebral artery	2 (4.8%)	6 (2.3%)
Surgery	21 (50.0%)	165 (63.2%)	0.102
Aneurysmal size (mm)	11.1 ± 5.3	6.6 ± 4.5	<0.001
Rebleeding	10 (23.8%)	6 (2.3%)	<0.001
Acute hydrocephalus	25 (59.5%)	65 (24.9%)	0.001
Intracerebral hemorrhage	19 (45.2%)	20 (7.7%)	<0.001
Intraventricular hemorrhage	37 (88.1%)	35 (13.4%)	<0.001
External ventricular drain	38 (90.5%)	71 (27.2%)	<0.001
Angiographic vasospasm	38 (90.5%)	93 (35.6%)	<0.001
Computed tomography ischemia	18 (42.9%)	32 (12.3%)	<0.001
Admission time (hours)	5.5 ± 4.4	4.6 ± 3.5	0.128
Seizure	9 (21.4%)	35 (13.4%)	0.171
Plasma C-reactive protein level (mg/L)	8.7 ± 3.3	6.9 ± 2.6	<0.001
plasma D-dimer level (mg/L)	2.4 ± 1.0	2.0 ± 1.0	0.015
Plasma HMGB1 level (ng/mL)	12.7 ± 3.2	7.9 ± 3.2	<0.001

Numerical variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables are expressed as counts (percentage). Numerical variables were analyzed by Mann–Whitney U-test or unpaired Student t test. Categorical variables were analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher exact test. HMGB1, high mobility group box-1; n, number of patients; WFNS, World Federation of Neurological Surgeons.

ISSN: 1742-2094