Figure 7

Up regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers in Nestin-Pex5 ^−/− mice. (A-B) In the corpus callosum of three- and six-week-old Nestin-Pex5 ^−/− mice mRNA levels of several pro- and anti-inflammatory markers were quantified by qRT-PCR. (A) TNFα***, Cxcl-1*, Mpeg1** and TLR2* were all significantly up regulated in the corpus callosum of three-week-old knockout mice. The anti-inflammatory markers TGFβ, IL10, arginase 1 and FIZZ1 were not up regulated at three weeks. (B) At six weeks the pro-inflammatory markers showed much higher expression levels, compared to three-week-old Nestin-Pex5 knockout mice. Also expression levels of the anti-inflammatory markers TGFβ, IL10 and arginase 1 were significantly increased at this age. Values represent means ± SEM of four independent samples, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 (Student’s t-test). Expression levels were normalized to β-actin expression. (C-D) By immunohistochemistry infiltration of CD3 positive lymphocytes was observed in 12-week-old Nestin-Pex5 ^−/−mice, mainly in the corpus callosum. Scale bars: C: 50 μm; D: 25 μm. CD: cluster of differentiation, Cxcl: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand, FIZZ: found in inflammatory zone, IL: interleukin, Mpeg: macrophage expressed gene, SEM: standard error of the mean, TGF: transforming growth factor, TLR: toll like receptor.