Cytokine profiles by peripheral blood monocytes are associated with changes in behavioral symptoms following immune insults in a subset of ASD subjects: an inflammatory subtype?

Table 4 IL-1Β production by purified peripheral blood monocytes in the study groups

Study group	Without stimuli [pg/ml]	LPS	Zymosan	CL097
ASD-IS^d
- Flare	736.6 ± 242.4^a	2141.2 ± 819.4^b	2665.0 ± 569.5^b	3062.0 ± 888.2
- Non-flare	424.8 ± 328.2	1596 ± 57.5	1990.4 ± 664.7	2925.8 ± 862.0
ASD/NFA	404.2 ± 242.4	582.7 ± 427.7^c	373.7 ± 1620.7^c	1056.8 ± 572.6^c
ASD/non-NFA	471.9 ± 299.1	1592.8 ± 599.4	566.3 ± 1823.2	2729.2 ± 1025.4
Non-ASD/NFA	639.0 ± 424.0	1557.5 ± 566.6	1826 ± 678.2	2373.6 ± 1220.0
Normal control	361.2 ± 316.8	1580.4 ± 428.5	1709.9 ± 597.2	2668.7 ± 609.1
PANS
- Flare	797.0 ± 598.8^a	2310.9 ± 1057.3	2124.2 ± 590.4	3065.1 ± 683.8
- Non-Flare	731.9 ± 427.0^a	1980.8 ± 845.6	1888.1 ± 630.2	2615.6 ± 791.6

^aSpontaneous production of IL-1Β is higher in `flare’ ASD-IS cells than in `non-flare’ ASD-IS cells in matched pair analysis as shown in Figure 3. IL-β levels produced spontaneously is also higher than those produced by normal, ASD/NFA, and ASD/non-NFA (P <0.02 for `flare’ ASD-IS cells and P <0.05 for PANS cells).
^bIL-1ß levels produced by `flare’ ASD-IS cells in response to LPS and zymosan are higher than those by non-flare ASD-IS cells by matched pair analysis as shown in Figure 4. These levels are also higher than those produced by other control cells except for PANS cells.
^cIL-1ß production by ASD/NFA cells in response to LPS, zymosan, and CL097 are lowest among the study groups (P <0.001).
^d Abbreviations used; ASD, autism spectrum disorders, ASD-IS; ASD-inflammatory subtype, IL, interleukin; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; NFA, non-IgE mediated food allergy; PANS, pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.

ISSN: 1742-2094