Fig. 4
Hippocampal microglia and astrocyte parameters following late prenatal immune activation. a The photomicrographs show typical Iba1-, CD68-, and GFAP-immunoreactivity in the hippocampus at low and high magnification. b Density (immunoreactive cells/volumes in cubic millimeters) of Iba1-positive microglia in the cornu ammonis (CA; including CA1–CA3 sub-regions) and dentate gyrus (DG) of pubescent, adult, and aged offspring born to poly(I:C)-exposed (POL) and control (CON) mothers. + P < 0.01 and § P < 0.001, reflecting the significant difference between adult (CON or POL) offspring and pubescent or aged (CON or POL) offspring, based on Fisher’s least significant (LSD) post hoc tests following the presence of a significant main effect of age (CA: F (2,61) = 7.56, P < 0.01; DG: F (2,61) = 12.43, P < 0.001). c Cell soma area, number of primary processes, and number of secondary processes of Iba1-positive hippocampal microglia in pubescent, adult, and aged CON and POL offspring. § P < 0.001, reflecting the significant difference between aged (CON or POL) offspring and pubescent or adult (CON or POL) offspring, based on Fisher’s least significant (LSD) post hoc tests following the presence of a significant main effect of age (cell soma area: F (2,61) = 27.64, P < 0.001; secondary processes: F (2,61) = 57.07, P < 0.001). d Density (immunoreactive cells/volumes in cubic millimeters) of CD68-positive microglia in the CA and DG of pubescent, adult, and aged CON and POL offspring. + P < 0.01 and § P < 0.001, reflecting the significant difference between adult (CON or POL) offspring and pubescent or aged (CON or POL) offspring, based on Fisher’s least significant (LSD) post hoc tests following the presence of a significant main effect of age (CA: F (2,61) = 6.49, P < 0.01; DG: F (2,61) = 22.70, P < 0.001). e Density (immunoreactive cells/volumes in cubic millimeters) of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the CA and DG of pubescent, adult, and aged CON and POL offspring. N(pubescent CON) = 11, N(pubescent POL) = 10, N(adult CON) = 12, N(adult POL) = 10, N(aged CON) = 12, and N(aged POL) = 12 for each measurement; all values are means ± s.e.m.