Fig. 3

Fracture-facilitated SP-induced Evan’s blue extravasation at 4 weeks but not 16 weeks. a Evan’s blue dye extravasation in rats (control cohort, n = 5; FX- 4 WK, n = 5; FX- 16 WK, n = 7) after SP injection. b Fracture induced SP expression in sciatic nerve tissue at 4 and 16 weeks after fracture (n = 8 per cohort). c Fracture-induced NK1-receptor expression in hindpaw skin at 4 and 16 weeks after fracture (n = 3 per cohort). d Representative Western blot of skin NK1 receptor and actin. Data are expressed as mean values (pg/mg protein or fold change) ± standard error (SE) and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Neuman-Keuls multiple comparison test to compare control and fracture cohorts at different time points. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 versus control; ^# P < 0.05, ^## P < 0.01, and ^### P < 0.001 versus fracture at 4 weeks