Fig. 7
From: Urban traffic-derived nanoparticulate matter reduces neurite outgrowth via TNFα in vitro
TNFR1-blocking peptide rescued neurite outgrowth and growth cone collapse. a Pre-incubation of neurons with TNFR1-blocking peptide (TNFR1p) before exposure to nPM-CM restored neurite outgrowth to control levels. Pre-incubation with TNFR2-blocking peptide (TNFR2p) did not alter the nPM effect on neurite outgrowth. (**p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test; n = 50). b Representative neuron with two intact and five collapsed growth cones. Intact growth cones have lamellipodia and multiple filopodia. Scale bar = 50 μm. c Blocking TNFR1 inhibited the nPM effect on percent intact growth cones per neuron (*p < 0.05; ANOVA)