Fig. 4

Clodronate liposome treatment reduced macrophage infiltration in the brain after MCAO. a Representative images of CD68⁺ macrophages (green) of the ipsilateral striatum in Vehicle (a), PBS (b), and CLP (c) groups at 14 days after MCAO. Scale bar = 100 μm. Quantification of the number of CD68⁺ macrophages in the peri-infarct region of the ipsilateral striatum (d). b Representative images of CD68⁺ macrophages (green) and DAPI-stained cells (blue) of the ipsilateral striatum in Vehicle (e), PBS (f), and CLP (g) groups at 14 days after MCAO. Scale bar = 20 μm. Quantification of the percentage of CD68⁺/DAPI cells in the peri-infarct region of the ipsilateral striatum (h). Data are mean ± SD, n = 4 per group. **p < 0.01, CLP vs. Vehicle or PBS. CLP = clodronate liposomes, PBS = phosphate-buffered saline, Vehicle = control liposomes