Fig. 10
From: The crucial role of Erk2 in demyelinating inflammation in the central nervous system
Inflammatory responses are reduced in Erk2-deficient astrocytes. Primary astrocyte cultures were obtained from either Erk2 cKO or Erk2 flox/flox mice. a, b Erk1/2 in Erk2 flox/flox astrocytes but only Erk1 in Erk2 cKO astrocytes are phosphorylated upon treating cultures with stimCM. c Astrocytes from Erk2 flox/flox mice express cytokines and chemokines after stimCM treatment. Among them, the expression of Ccl-2 is reduced in Erk2 cKO astrocytes at 3 h after stimCM treatment. n = 4; Student’s t test; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. d BrdU incorporation is examined under the same culture conditions. No significant difference is seen in the BrdU-positive/DAPI-positive ratio between Erk2 cKO and Erk2 flox/flox astrocytes. DAPI is a nuclear counterstain (n = 3; Student’s t test)