Fig. 5

Intracerebroventricular treatment with GW9508 in lean mice. Five-week-old Swiss mice were included in the study and were fed on chow for 4 weeks before intracerebroventricular (icv) cannulation; after 1 week, mice were randomly selected for either vehicle (2.0 μl) or GW9508 (2.0 μl, 1.0 mM) icv treatment twice a day for 6 days (a). Body mass (b and c) and caloric intake (d) were measured during the experimental period. At the end of the experimental period, some mice were subjected to indirect calorimetry and the determination of spontaneous physical activity, resulting in the values for O₂ consumption (E–F), CO₂ production (g–h), energy expenditure (i–j), respiratory quotient (k), and spontaneous physical activity (l). At the end of the experimental period, the hypothalamus was dissected, and RNA was extracted for real-time PCR determination of transcript levels of TNF-α (m), IL1β (n), IL10 (o), and IL6 (p). In all experiments, n = 5; *p < 0.05 vs. vehicle