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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation attenuates microglial-induced inflammation by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway following experimental traumatic brain injury

Fig. 2

ω-3 PUFA supplementation inhibits microglial activation and the subsequent inflammatory response. a The microglial marker, Iba-1, was significantly decreased by ω-3 PUFA supplementation, but not the astrocytic marker, GFAP. b ω-3 PUFA supplementation decreased Iba-1 protein levels (1.44 ± 0.21 vs. 3.13 ± 0.35, p < 0.05), but not GFAP protein levels (2.62 ± 0.31 vs. 2.83 ± 0.42, p > 0.05). c ω-3 PUFA supplementation significantly decreased TBI-induced enhancement of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and HMGB1 (p < 0.05); n = 6 in each group. The values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, scale bars = 50 μm

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094