Fig. 4
From: Effectors of Th1 and Th17 cells act on astrocytes and augment their neuroinflammatory properties
Inflammatory response of astrocytes to Th1- or Th17-derived factors. mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NOS2) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-β1 and IL-10) factors was analyzed in astrocytes exposed to medium and Th1 or Th17 supernatants. Fold change in mRNA expression in Th1- or Th17-treated astrocytes compared to medium controls was determined. The results are mean ± SEM with *p ≤ 0.05 and **p ≤ 0.01 of a minimum of four independent experiments (n = 4)