Fig. 7

Chronic DMXBA treatment inhibits chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced inflammatory signaling activation and proinflammatory cytokine over-expression. a–c Representative immunoblots and relative levels of TLR4 protein (a), MyD88 protein (b), and NF-κB protein (c) in hippocampus. Results are shown as fold change relative to GAPDH (a, b) or histone (c) protein level. d TNF-α levels in hippocampus by ELISA. e IL-1β levels in hippocampus by ELISA. Con, control group. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. n = 8 per group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. control group; ^# P < 0.05, ^## P < 0.01 vs. CRS 21d + Veh group; ⁺ P < 0.05, ⁺⁺ P < 0.01 vs. CRS 21d + DMXBA group