Fig. 6

Isolated endothelia generate high transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), which is reduced by application of cytokines. Endothelia or pericytes were grown on an ECIS array until TEER had plateaued (96 – 120 h), then treated with either vehicle, IL-1β, TNFα, LPS, IFN-γ, TGF-β₁, IL-4, or IL-6 (10 ng/mL) for a further 24 h and tight junctions stained by immunocytochemistry. a) Endothelial cultures generate TEER in excess of 35 Ω.cm2 (Mean ± SEM from 6 independent cases). b) Representative ECIS trace from primary endothelia and pericytes. Dashed lines denote when media was changed. Mean ± SEM from duplicate wells. c) Representative images of claudin-5 immunostaining in endothelia treated with immunogens. Scale bar = 100 μm, inset = 5 μm. d) Maximal change in TEER relative to 10 h pre-treatment baseline in endothelia treated with inflammatory stimuli. Mean ± SEM, n = 3 - 4 independent experiments across 2 – 3 cases. e - k) Representative traces from endothelial cultures treated with inflammatory stimuli (red) overlayed on vehicle-treated endothelia (blue) (mean ± SEM from duplicate wells). Dashed lines denote the point the treatment was added