Fig. 5

Effects of anti-HMGB1 antibody on glial and inflammatory cells after NTx injury. Histological sections illustrating the left side (NTx side) of the olfactory bulbs applied GFAP (a, b) and CD68 (d, e) immunohistochemical staining for control IgG (a, d) and high doses of anti-HMGB1 antibody (50 μg, b, e)-injected animals 5 days after the NTx injury. Quantitative measurements showing the time course and comparison of changes in the amount of GFAP-positive cells (c) and CD68-positive cells (f). Data plotted are means ± SE. Significant differences are shown as *p < 0.016, †p < 0.005, §p < 0.0005, and #p < 0.0001 compared to the control IgG group. Asterisk (*) and double dagger (‡) in circles indicate significant differences (*p < 0.016, ‡p < 0.001) between the low- and high-dose anti-HMGB1 antibody groups