Fig. 6
Astroglial neurotrophic factors participated in TSG neuroprotection. a The astroglia-conditioned medium (ACM) was first prepared from primary astroglia-enriched cultures. Primary astroglia were treated with TSG (80 μM) and incubated for 2 days and then astroglia-conditioned medium with TSG treatment (ACM-TSG) and the ACM without any treatment were harvested and dialyzed and added back to primary neuron-enriched cultures followed by the incubation for 7 days. DA neuronal function was evaluated by [3H] DA uptake assay (The two-way ANOVA interactions analysis showed F = 4.987 and P = 0.052). #P < 0.05 compared with control cultures; *P < 0.05 compared with MPP+-treated cultures; +P < 0.05 compared with MPP+ treated by ACM cultures. b Primary midbrain neuron-glia cultures were treated with TSG and then stimulated by LPS followed by the single treatment of anti-BDNF (20 μg/ml) or anti-GDNF antibodies (20 μg/ml) or combined these two antibodies. Seven days later, TH-positive neuronal counting analysis was performed to determine the role of astroglia-derived neurotrophic factors in TSG-mediated neuroprotection (The two-way ANOVA interactions analysis showed F = 4.548 and P = 0.081). Data were the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments performed in triplicate. #P < 0.05 compared with control cultures; *P < 0.05 compared with LPS-treated cultures; &P < 0.05 compared with TSG alone-treated cultures; ^P < 0.05 compared with TSG plus LPS-treated cultures