Fig. 1

The expressions of NOD2 in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum (STR) were increased in Parkinson’s disease mice induced by 6-OHDA. Wild-type mice were placed in a stereotaxic device under 1.5% pentobarbital sodium anesthesia and given 6-OHDA or saline alone (control) into the STR. a Apomorphine-induced circling on 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days after the injection was shown as the average rotations per 10 min in 30 min after subcutaneous injection of apomorphine. b Western blot analysis showed the protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in mouse SN and STR after 6-OHDA injection respectively. c Relative quantitative mRNA levels of NOD2 in mouse SN and STR after 6-OHDA injection were determined by RT-PCR analysis. d Western blot analysis showed the protein expression of NOD2 in mouse SN and STR after 6-OHDA injection. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM, n = 6 mice per group. *p < 0.05 vs. control group. e Representative images of double immunolabeling for NOD2 and Iba1 (microglia marker), glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody (GFAP, astrocyte marker), or NeuN antibody (neuron marker) in the SN from WT mice on 14 days after 6-OHDA treatment. DAPI indicates 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. Arrowheads show NOD2-positive cells. Scale bars, 50 μm