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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the PD patients and normal controls

From: Interaction of systemic oxidative stress and mesial temporal network degeneration in Parkinson’s disease with and without cognitive impairment

 

Normal group (n = 29)

Patients with PD (n = 41)

F†

P† value

PDN (n = 16)

PDMCI (n = 13)

PDD (n = 12)

Sex (male/female)

13/16

8/8

7/6

6/6

 

0.954

Age

62.17 ± 4.82

61.44 ± 7.33

61.54 ± 7.52

64.50 ± 5.65

0.690

0.561

Education

9.93 ± 4.05

11.94 ± 4.17 #

9.08 ± 3.62

5.67 ± 4.01 #

5.169

0.003†

Disease duration

 

2.33 ± 1.38 #

2.44 ± 2.19

5.65 ± 5.32 #

4.340

0.020†

Medicine dose

 

261.38 ± 151.91 #

413.25 ± 283.20

512.75 ± 317.41 #

3.739

0.034†

MMSE

 

26.69 ± 3.59 #

27.31 ± 1.55 §

19.75 ± 3.60 #§

21.416

0.000†

UPDRS I

 

2.69 ± 2.24 #

3.00 ± 2.61

5.08 ± 3.34 #

3.722

0.034†

UPDRS II

 

9.00 ± 6.36

10.54 ± 9.00

13.33 ± 9.38

0.843

0.439

UPDRS III

 

18.06 ± 13.24

26.00 ± 17.92

31.50 ± 19.94

2.042

0.145

UPDRS total

 

29.75 ± 20.49

39.54 ± 28.60

49.92 ± 31.25

1.832

0.175

H&Y score

 

1.94 ± 1.24

2.27 ± 1.07

2.54 ± 1.01

0.710

0.499

S&E score

 

83.75 ± 18.93

83.08 ± 21.36

77.50 ± 18.65

0.300

0.743

Oxidation parameters

 Monocyte LFA-1

13.21 ± 4.34 ¤*

17.83 ± 5.58 ¤

17.67 ± 6.20

18.69 ± 6.02*

4.562

0.006†

 Lymphocyte LFA-1

12.31 ± 3.10 ¤

15.37 ± 4.00 ¤

14.72 ± 1.78

14.43 ± 3.17

4.250

0.008†

 Granulocyte LFA-1

5.42 ± 1.34

6.11 ± 1.17

6.15 ± 0.72

6.29 ± 1.69

1.841

0.149

 Monocyte Mac-1

40.26 ± 30.28

49.69 ± 19.87

63.75 ± 53.22

52.90 ± 28.68

1.575

0.204

 Lymphocyte Mac-1

9.91 ± 1.89

10.03 ± 2.66

10.94 ± 5.24

10.58 ± 2.37

0.477

0.699

 Granulocyte Mac-1

41.42 ± 15.35

49.66 ± 20.81

56.41 ± 25.01

50.71 ± 27.27

1.921

0.135

 Monocyte APO2.7 (%)

2.28 ± 1.30 ¤

8.00 ± 9.82 ¤

4.13 ± 3.44

4.83 ± 4.52

4.361

0.007†

 Lymphocyte APO2.7 (%)

0.48 ± 0.38 ¤

1.04 ± 0.71 ¤

0.56 ± 0.38

0.62 ± 0.41

5.305

0.002†

 Granulocyte APO2.7 (%)

0.82 ± 0.58

1.03 ± 0.57

1.17 ± 1.19

1.11 ± 0.79

0.799

0.499

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Sex data were compared by Pearson chi-square test. Age data were compared by independent t test. Education year, oxidation parameters, clinical severity score, medication, and cognitive function data were compared by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) after controlling for age and sex. F† and P† represent the comparison amounts of the PDN, PDMCI, and PDD patients and the normal control group, controlling for age and sex, with Bonferroni correction
  2. ¤ Significant differences between NC and PDN; * Significant differences between NC and PDD; # Significant differences between PDN and PDD; § Significant differences between PDMCI and PDD; †Significant differences among groups
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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094