Fig. 7

Ibuprofen specifically suppresses p38 phosphorylation in PCs. Cerebellar sections were stained with phospho-p38 antiserum and visualized by fluorescent microscopy. LPS or ATM deficiency alone increased phospho-p38 levels in PCs (c, e) yet LPS unexpectedly reduced phospho-p38 levels in Atm^−/− cerebellum (g). Ibuprofen treatment significantly reversed LPS triggered p38 phosphorylation in both Atm^+/+ and Atm^−/− PCs (d, h). Quantification confirmed the results (I). White arrows indicate neurons with nuclear phospho-p38. Scale bar = 50 μm. n = 3 for each group. Student’s unpaired t test was used to analyze the difference between Atm^+/+ and Atm^−/− groups without any treatments. Two-way ANOVA was used for analyzing differences in the effects of LPS injection and ibuprofen within the same genotype. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 as indicated in the graphs; # p < 0.05 between Atm^+/+ and Atm^−/− PCs