Fig. 7

Baicalin regulates LPS-induced TLR4 expression by activating the PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 pathway in BV2 cells. a–e BV2 cells were pretreated with baicalin (100 μM) and LY292002 (10 μM) for 1 h and then stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h. a Western blot was performed to measure the levels of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-FoxO1, and TLR4. b The levels of p-FoxO1 in the cytoplasmic fractions and FoxO1 in the nuclear extractions (n = 4). c The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the cell culture medium were determined by ELISA kits (n = 8). Data were presented as means ± SEM. ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01 vs. blank; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. LPS; ^&p < 0.05, ^&&p < 0.01 vs. LPS+BA. d The immunofluorescent images of the FoxO1 nucleus translocation were observed with confocal scanning microscopy in LPS-treated BV2 cells. Green, FoxO1; blue, DAPI; scale bar, 5 μm. e BV2 cells were stained with a TLR4 antibody and observed with fluorescence microscopy. Green, TLR4; blue: DAPI; scale bar, 50 μm