Fig. 8

Upregulation of P2Y12R expression and inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. a Double immunofluorescence staining images of P2Y12R with Iba-1 in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Scale bar: 20 μm. b, c Western blots showing the expression of P2Y12R and iNOS in BV-2 cells after LPS stimulation. The band intensity is presented relative to that of β-actin. Quantification of P2Y12R and iNOS protein levels indicated a significant increase at 8, 16, and 24 h after LPS stimulation. Data are presented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments; *p < 0.05 compared with LPS 0 h. d, e ELISA of IL-1β and TNF-α release from LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Data are presented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 compared with LPS 0 h