Fig. 3

TRPV1 promoted astrocyte migration after OGD. a Whole-cell patch clamp detected TRPV1-like currents induced by 0.1 μM, 0.5 μM, and 1 μM CAP in WT astrocytes. b WT astrocytes which pre-administered with 10 μM CPZ and TRPV1 knockout astrocytes were treated with 1 μM CAP separately to detected TRPV1 current. c TRPV1 current induced by different concentrations of CAP. Fluorescence images and bar chart showed astrocytes post-scratch (d) and loaded with Fura-3 AM (e). f Differential interference contrast images were taken to record the morphology of astrocytes. Bar chart showed cell survival rate and cell process length. g Western blotting and histogram revealed the ratio of F-actin to G-actin. Confocal images (i) and bar chart (h) showed fluorescence intensity at the leading edge of astrocytes near the scratch area. High magnification views of boxed areas are shown in the bottom. Scale 50 μm for (d), 20 μm for (e), and 10 μm for (i). Average values represent the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (Tukey’s test after one-way ANOVA)