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Fig. 9 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 9

From: The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist reduces inflammation and blood-brain barrier breakdown in an astrocyte-dependent manner in experimental stroke

Fig. 9

Ex-4 improved viability of astrocytes but not the secretion of VEGF-A via PI3K-related signaling. a Representative western blots showing the levels of VEGF-A, p-PI3K in astrocytes cultured under different conditions. Total PI3K and GADPH were used as the loading controls. b, c Quantitative analyses of VEGF-A, p-PI3K levels. The data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6). d LDH release of astrocytes administered different treatment was assessed. Medium, cultured with normal medium; OGD+RO, treated with OGD for 4 h plus RO for 24 h; OGD+RO+Ex4, treated with OGD for 4 h plus RO for 4 h in the presence of Ex-4, OGD+RO+Ex4+LY294002. *P < 0.05 compared with the Medium group, #P < 0.05 compared with the OGD+RO group, $P < 0.05 compared with the OGD+RO+Ex4 group; ANOVA plus SNK test (b–d)

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094