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Fig. 7 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 7

From: TGFβRI antagonist inhibits HIV-1 Nef-induced CC chemokine family ligand 2 (CCL2) in the brain and prevents spatial learning impairment

Fig. 7

Blocking TGFβR1 with SD208 decreases phospho-SMAD2 in rats infused with astrocytes expressing Nef. a Representative tissue sections immunostained for phospho-SMAD2; Nef+placebo (upper panel) and Nef+SD208 (lower panel). b Densitometric analysis of the hippocampus was used to quantify SMAD2 phosphorylation (right hemisphere: *p < 0.03). Nef+placebo (n = 5) and Nef+SD208 (n = 6). Scale bar is 100 μm

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094