Fig. 5

Effects of JWH-133 pretreatment on the perivascular activation of astrocytes after I/R injury in the gray matter of spinal cord. a Representative immunofluorescence images of reactive astrocytes (GFAP; green) colocalized with capillary endothelial cells (CD31; red) at day 2 after injury. Arrows show the perivascular expression of GFAP. Scale bars are 75 μm. b Higher magnification images of reactive astrocytes (GFAP; green) colocalized with capillary endothelial cells (CD31; red) at day 2 after injury. Scale bars are 30 μm. c Quantification of GFAP or its perivascular expression is represented as the average IOD or IOD ratio of perivascular GFAP to corresponding CD31. The positive fluorescence labeling of GFAP in the spinal cord and that along microvessels both increased after I/R injury, which could be downregulated by JWH-133 or TAK-242 pretreatment. All results are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 5). *P < 0.05 vs. sham group; #P < 0.05 vs. I/R group