Fig. 5

Boc2-treatment reduces plaque load and phagocytosis rate of Aβ in APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice. Coronal brain sections of 29-week-old APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice with or without Boc2 treatment stained with anti-Beta-Amyloid 1-42 were used for the determination of plaque load. a Analysis of the total hippocampal Aβ plaque load (number/mm²). b The average number of plaques/mm² grouped in four different size categories (< 125 μm², 125-250 μm², 250-500 μm², and > 500 μm²). Plaque numbers were analyzed in anti-Beta-Amyloid 1-42 processed sections. c Aβ phagocytosis rate (in %), analyzed by flow cytometry of microglia isolated from APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice with or without Boc2 treatment 3 h after intraperitoneal injection of methoxy-XO4. d Representative images of hippocampal plaques analysis demonstrating the evaluation process with ImageJ. Scale bar: 250 μm. e Average microglial cell area (μm²) around the Aβ plaques, visualized by anti-IBA-1 stains in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice with or without Boc2 or fMLF treatment. f Representative image of a plaque stained with anti-IBA-1 (red) and anti-beta-Amyloid 1-42 (blue). Statistical significances were determined using Mann-Whitney U test (a), Kruskal-Wallis followed Dunn test (b), two-way ANOVA with turkey test (d), or t-test (f). Data represent mean + SEM; n ≥ 7; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 as indicated