Fig. 2

GM-CSF does not affect the hippocampal cytoarchitecture. After 72-h exposure, naïve control (CTL), GM-CSF (100 ng/mL), and GM-CSF+LPS (100 ng/mL, both) slices were stained with a toluidine blue (TB) for hippocampal cytoarchitecture evaluation or b immunostained against parvalbumin (PV) to assess inhibitory interneuron morphology. c Gamma oscillations were induced by acetylcholine (2 μM) and physostigmine (400 nM) (ACh+Phy) bath application at 34 ± 1 °C (left). Local field potential (LFP) recordings were performed in the stratum pyramidale of CA3 (middle) in an interface recording chamber that permits the continuous exchange of recording solution and ambient gas mixture as well as electrophysiological recordings; DG, dentate gyrus. The corresponding power spectral density (PSD) (bin size = 1.221 Hz), calculated from a data segment of 5 min, is shown as a sample (right). For n/N cultures/preparations: a CTL, 31/6; GM-CSF, 23/5; GM-CSF+LPS, 17/4. b CTL, 21/6; GM-CSF, 31/7; GM-CSF+LPS, 19/4