Fig. 2

WmASTRs are less supportive to in vitro myelination. a, b In vitro myelination cultures that depend on a feeding layer of astrocytes (ASTRs) are stained for myelin basic protein (MBP, green) and neurofilament-H (NF, red), a myelin and axonal marker, respectively. Representative images of myelinating cultures on either adult white matter (wm) ASTRs or adult grey matter (gm) ASTRs are shown in a and quantification of the percentage of myelinated axons of four independent culture preparations and four independent ASTR culture preparations (black dots) in b. Bars represent the % of myelinated axons. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Note that less axons are myelinated on a feeding layer of wmASTRs than on a feeding layer of gmASTRs. Scale bar is 25 μm. c RNA from six independent cell culture preparations of adult gmASTRs and wmASTRs was subjected to 3′-RNA sequencing. Heatmap with literature-based genes of positive and negative regulators of OPC proliferation and differentiation by gmASTRs and wmASTRs is shown. Column Z-score represents the relative expression of genes between different samples. Positive regulators of OPC differentiation are indicated in green; negative regulators in red (*FDR < 0.05, **FDR < 0.01, ***FDR < 0.001).