Table 1 Included articles and their sociodemographic data
From: Effects of inflammation on the kynurenine pathway in schizophrenia — a systematic review
Publication | Sample size | Age (years) | Male/female ratio | BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Author, year | Controls | Patients | Controls | Patients | Controls | Patients | Control | Patients |
A. Immunoglobulins | ||||||||
Kanchanatawan et al. 2017 [40] | 40 | 84 clinically stable Sz outpatients | 37.4 (12.8) | Without, with physiosomatic symptoms 40.0 (11.1), 41.8 (11.0) | 10/30 | Without, with physiosomatic symptoms 22/14, 21/22 | 24.0 (4.3) | Without, with physiosomatic symptoms 24.7 (5.9), 24.5 (4.5) |
Kanchanatawan et al. 2018a [41] | 40 | 80 Sz outpatients, 40 deficit, and 40 non-deficit patients | 37.9 (12.8) | Non-deficit 41.3 (10.8), deficit 40.9 (11.9) | 10/30 | Non-deficit 22/18, deficit 21/19 | 24.0 (4.3) | Non-deficit 26.0 (5.2), deficit 22.9 (4.6) |
Kanchanatawan et al. 2018b [42] | 40 | 80 Sz outpatients, 40 deficit, and 40 non-deficit patients | 37.9 (12.8) | Non-deficit 41.3 (10.8), deficit 40.9 (11.4) | 10/30 | Non-deficit 22/18, deficit 21/19 | 24.0 (4.3) | Non-deficit 26.0 (5.2), deficit 22.9 (4.6) |
Bechter et al. 2010 [43] | 4100 | Inpatient Sz = 39, inpatient Af = 24 | ND | Sz = 33.2 (13.1), Af = 45.4 (9.8) | ND | 34/29 | ND | ND |
B. Interleukins | ||||||||
Szymona et al. 2017 [44] | 45 | 51 Sz inpatients due to acute relapse at time of admission, after a 4-week treatment and remission | 24.2 (5.6) | 26.9 (8.2) | 23/22 | 32/19 | 22.14 ± (5.66) | 25.24 ± (4.76) |
Barry et al. 2009 [45] | 36 | 34 outpatients (Sz or SzA disorder) | 33.7 (6.6) | 37.3 (8.9) | 26/10 | 26/8 | 25 (4.0) | 28 (4.3) |
Kim et al. 2009 [46] | 174 | 71 acute admitted medication-naïve psychotic patients or medication-free for at least 4 months assessed on admission and Discharge after 6 weeks. | 32.49 (10.69) | 33.9 (12.2) | 78/96 | 32/39 | 22.11 (2.9) | 23.0 (3.9) |
Schwieler et al. 2015 [47] | 37 | 23 Sz outpatients | 23.0 (22.0–25.5)* | 35.0 (32.0–41.0)* | 23/14 | 15/8 | 23.0 (22.0–26.0)* | 26.2 (22.1–27.2)* |
Kegel et al. 2017 [48] | Outpatient (MZ) | Outpatient (DZ) | (MZ) | (DZ) | (MZ) | (DZ) | (MZ) | (DZ) |
12 (2 single twins) | 11 (one single twin) | 57.0 (6.4) | 52.9 (7.5) | 7/5 | 3/8 | 27.5 (6.9) | 29.3 (7.9) | |
C. C-reactive protein | ||||||||
Wurfel et al. 2017 [49] | 92 | Inpatient MDD (N = 35), BD (N = 53), SzA (N = 40), acutely ill Sz (n = 21) | 32.3 (10.4) | MDD 38.8 (13.8), BD 40.2 (11.0), SzA 39.0 13.0), Sz 38.9 12.9) | 33/59 | MDD 16/19, BD 16/37, SzA 24/40, Sz 17/4 | 27 (6) | MDD 30 (9), BD 30 (8), SzA 30 (9), Sz 28 (6) |