Fig. 7

Glycolytic inhibitor 2-DG ameliorates neuroinflammation and inflammation-mediated dopaminergic cell loss in an LPS-induced mouse PD model. a Schematic diagram of drug administration. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with 2-DG (400 mg/kg/day) or saline (NS) for sequential 10 days. On the fourth day, mice were injected stereotactically with LPS (5 mg/kg) or saline (NS). After 10 days, the mice were euthanized for IHC analysis. b Double immunostaining for TH and Iba1 in the SN. c, d The number of TH positive cells was quantified manually, and the optical density of Iba1 immunoreactivity in same sections was measured using ImageJ analysis software (n=3 mice per group). Magnification, ×10, scale bar, 100 μm (left). Boxed rectangular regions were enlarged (right). Magnification, ×40, scale bar, 25 μm. e Double immunostaining for TH and CD68 in the SN. f The optical density of CD 68 immunoreactivity was measured using ImageJ analysis software (n=3 mice per group). Magnification, ×10, scale bar, 100 μm. Boxed rectangular regions were enlarged (right). Magnification, ×40, scale bar, 25 μm. Data are presented as the means ± S.E.M. *p <0.05, **p <0.01, compared to the LPS group. g The expression IL-1β in the SN was determined by Western blotting (left), and the relative protein levels were quantified by densitometric analysis (right, n=3 mice per group). Data are presented as the means ± S.D. *p <0.05, **p <0.01, compared to the LPS group