Fig. 2

mRNA expression analysis of M0-L, M1-L, and M2-L phenotypes in microglia. A Volcano plot analysis of 3627 upregulated and 1275 downregulated mRNAs (M1-L vs M0-L, P < 0.05); 4360 upregulated and 316 downregulated mRNAs (M2-L vs M0-L, P < 0.05); 1896 upregulated and 3199 downregulated mRNAs (M2-L vs M1-L, P < 0.05). Red boxes represent ≥ 1.5-fold change difference, P < 0.05. Green boxes represent ≤ 0.7-fold change difference, P < 0.05. B Expression of markers specific to different brain and immune cell types in M0-L, M1-L, and M2-L samples. Data represent mean ± SD of three biological replicates. C Association analysis of m⁶A methylation and mRNA expression: M1-L vs M0-L: 39 Hyper-Up mRNAs, 319 Hyper-Down mRNAs, 515 Hypo-Up mRNAs, 138 Hypo-Down mRNAs (P < 0.05); M2-L vs M0-L: 26 Hyper-Up mRNAs, 0 Hyper-Down mRNAs, 177 Hypo-Up mRNAs, 11 Hypo-Down mRNAs (P < 0.05); M2-L vs M1-L: 95 Hyper-Up mRNAs, 32 Hyper-Down mRNAs, 48 Hypo-Up mRNAs, 49 Hypo-Down mRNAs (P < 0.05)