Fig. 1
From: T-cell dysregulation is associated with disease severity in Parkinson’s Disease
Decrease of total CD3+ T cells in PD is associated with disease progression. A, B Flow-cytometric analysis of peripheral blood leucocytes from HC (n = 20, f/m = 13/7) and PD patients (n = 36, 12/24 f/m) reveals a significant decrease of total CD3+ T cells (as % of all leucocytes) in PD. C, D T cells are decreased in PD in both age groups (≤ 64 years and > 64 years) and in both sexes (two-way ANOVA: case **p < 0.01, sex p > 0.36, age p > 0.35, no statistically significant interactions). E T-cell decrease correlates significantly with disease progression (Spearman’s ρ). F–I CD3+ T cells are significantly decreased in PD patients with advanced disease progression (H&Y ≥ 3) (I), but not earlier age at onset (F), longer disease duration (G), or higher progression rate (H, H&Y/year). Boxplots: median ± interquartile range; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, Mann–Whitney U test, two-way ANOVA