Fig. 7

Resistance training improved mitochondrial density, morphology and protein expression following surgery. a Quality control of mitochondrial fraction isolation, equivalent amounts (10 µg) of total protein, mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions were analyzed for mitochondrial enriched markers as indicated. b Representative blots and quantitative analysis of HSP60 in mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions, respectively. c Representative blots and quantitative analysis of cytochrome c in mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions, respectively. The intensity of band was normalized to that of VDAC (mitochondrial fractions) or β-actin (cytosolic fractions). d Representative TEM pictures of mitochondria. e Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial density. f and g Representative TEM pictures of abnormal mitochondria, including type I whirling cristae; type II swollen cristae; type III deficient cristae; type IV swollen outer membrane; type V sub-membrane vesicle and type VI discontinuous inter/outer membrane. h Quantification of mitochondrial structural defects. Abnormal mitochondria with type I–VI have been expressed a percentage of the total pool of mitochondria. Data analyzed by two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey multiple comparisons, for western blot: n = 6; for TEM: n = 44 comprised 11 pictures from 4 mice in each group. Data are shown as a mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001