Fig. 5

LPS promotes early neuroinflammation in acute hippocampal slices. Pro-inflammatory immunocontent of cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) was measured by ELISA in intracellular and extracellular medium. Gene expressions of cytokines and receptors were evaluated by RT-PCR. Phospo-NF-κB was evaluated in total homogenates and in the nucleus fraction by Western blot; TLR4, COX-2, RAGE and Iba1 protein expression were also determined in total homogenates. LPS increases only the immunocontent of the pro-inflammatory IL-1β in the intracellular slices (A) and augments its secretion to the extracellular medium (B). Only gene expression of ILR1 was reduced by LPS incubation (C), and there were no changes in the expressions of genes encoding IL-1β, and TNF-α and its receptor TNFR1. Acute inflammation promotes elevation of RAGE and COX2 protein expression (D) and translocation to the nucleus of phospho-NF-κB (E). Values are expressed as means ± standard error. Data were analyzed by Student's unpaired t test, assuming P < 0.05. * means significant increase, when compared to sham group, # means significant decrease, when compared to sham group