Fig. 2

Characterization of extracellular vesicles isolated from human adipocyte derived mesenchymal stem cells. A Representative image of EVs obtained by transmission electron microscopy after negative staining. B Representative size profile of EVs obtained by Nanoparticle tracking analysis. C Representative image of EV markers (Alix, Hsp70, Flotillin-2, CD9), β-actin and TGFβ measured by western blot with different quantities of initial protein. D Western blot bands of EV markers (Alix, Flotillin-2 and CD9) and non-EV markers (calnexin, lamin and histones) in origin cell lysates, EVs, supernatant discarded in the last ultracentrifugation step of the EVs isolation procedure (SP) and cell culture medium (CCM). E Intravenously injected Dil-labeled extracellular vesicles (red) reach the hippocampus of HA rats after 72 h. Co-localization was found with I microglia and II neurons in the pyramidal layer. III Red fluorescence signal co-localizes with Alix, a marker of extracellular vesicles. IV No clear co-localization was found with astrocytes. Scale bar = 10 µm