Fig. 1

iVEC transplantation suppressed neuroinflammation in the ischemic white matter infarct. Immunohistochemistry with an ED-1 antibody was performed to detect activated microglia and macrophages in the infarct. Nuclei were stained by Hoechst 33342. A A typical bright field image of the white matter infarct on day 7 (left). Scale bar: 500 µm. An immunohistochemical image for ED-1 under higher magnification of the inset in “Bright field” (right). Scale bar: 200 µm. B Representative immunohistochemical images for ED-1 in iVEC-transplanted and BSA-injected brains at days 10, 14, and 21. Scale bar: 200 µm. C Quantification of fluorescence intensity of ED-1 staining in iVEC-transplanted and BSA-injected brains at days 10, 14, and 21. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM. n = 3–5 in each group. ^*p < 0.05 and ^**p < 0.01. ns, no significant difference. ^#p < 0.05 and ^##p < 0.01 compared to Day 7 group. These experiments were repeated three times, and similar results were obtained each time. Typical experiments are shown here