Fig. 5

ICM reduced microglial-mediated synapse elimination in the hippocampus of SAE mice. A Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of VGLUT1 (green), Iba-1 (red) and colocalization in the hippocampus, scale bar = 5 μm; B quantification of the percentage of VGLUT1 engulfment within Iba-1⁺ cells (microglia) in the hippocampus among the four groups. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3–5 mice/group). ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001 vs. the indicated groups