Neuroinflammatory CSF biomarkers MIF, sTREM1, and sTREM2 show dynamic expression profiles in Alzheimer’s disease

Table 1 Cohort characteristics

	Controls	MCI	AD	DLB
N	67	92	38	50
Females (%)	16 (24%)	43 (47%)	3 (8%)	5 (10%)
Age	63 (58–70)^b,c	67 (60–71)	68 (64–72)^a	67 (63–74)^a
MMSE	28 (27–30)^a,b,c	27 (26–28)^b,c	22 (18–26)^a,d	23 (21–26)^a,d
Positive amyloid status (%)	0 (0%)	59 (65%)	38 (100%)	27 (54%)
CSF Aβ42, pg/mL	1088 (994–1234)^a,b,c	730 (638–974)^{b, d}	620 (577–661)^a,c,d	790 (631–1033)^b,d
CSF tTau, pg/mL	211 (161–263)^a,b,c	445 (267–660)^b,c,d	598 (495–786)^a,c,d	305 (230–371)^a,b,d
CSF pTau, pg/mL	44 (37–51)^a,b	69 (46–86)^b,c,d	79 (65–97)^a,c,d	48 (34–64)^a,b

Continuous data is represented as median ± interquartile range and dichotomous data as the number of cases with a percentage of the total (%)
Positive amyloid status was determined by CSF Aβ42 profile < 813 pg/mL
Differences between groups were determined using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Bonferroni correction or Chi-squared test
MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; Aβ42, amyloid-beta 1–42; tTau, total tau; pTau, phosphorylated tau
^ap < 0.05 compared to MCI
^bp < 0.05 compared to AD
^cp < 0.05 compared to DLB
^dp < 0.05 compared to controls

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