Fig. 2

EPC-EXOs can be taken up by BMMs and promote anti-inflammatory macrophages in vitro. A Representative Dil-labeled EPC-EXOs in BMMs. Red fluorescence indicates Dil-labeled EPC-EXOs and blue fluorescence indicate BMMs’ nucleus. Scale bar: 20 µm. B Western Blotting analysis of the expression levels of iNOS and Arg-1 after LPS stimulation of macrophages with different concentration gradients of EPC-EXOs. C Statistical analysis of the expression levels of iNOS. ^nsP > 0.05 vs 100ug/ml EPC-EXOs group. D Statistical analysis of the expression of levels of Arg-1. ^nsP > 0.05 vs 100ug/ml EPC-EXOs group E Representative immunofluorescence images of Vehicle and EPC-EXOs interfering with CD86 (red) and DAPI (blue) staining of F4/80⁺ macrophages (green). Scale bar: 200 μm. F Quantification of CD86⁺ cells in each group, n = 3 per group, **P < 0.01. G Representative immunofluorescence images of Vehicle and EPC-EXOs interfering with CD206 (red) and DAPI (blue) staining of F4/80⁺ macrophages (green). H Quantification of CD206-positive cells in each group. n = 3, **P < 0.01. I qRT-PCR analysis of mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory macrophages’ markers (iNOS, CD86 and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory macrophages’ markers (CD206, Arginase-1 and IL-10) in macrophages exposed to LPS by Vehicle and EPC-EXOs intervention. n = 6, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01