Fig. 4

The predictive value of CSF sTREM2 and CSF CD44 for anti-NMDAR encephalitis. A, B Each patient’s clinical outcome was classified as good or poor according to the mRS score (mRS > 3 poor outcome, mRS ≤ 3 good outcome). In anti-NMDAR encephalitis, both CSF sTREM2 (p = 0.010) and CSF CD44 (p = 0.011) showed higher concentrations in patients with poor outcomes than in patients with good outcomes. C Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis for CSF sTREM2 (AUC = 0.800, p = 0.009) and CSF CD44 (AUC = 0.794, p = 0.0125) in distinguishing good and poor clinical outcomes in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. D Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was applied to determine the diagnostic value of sTREM2 (CSF sTREM2 AUC = 0.864, p < 0.0001; serum sTREM2 AUC = 0.568, p = 0.4651), CD44 (CSF CD44 AUC = 0.729, p < 0.018; serum CD44 AUC = 0.837, p = 0.0003), and MMP9 (serum MM9 AUC = 0.687, p = 0.0436) in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. The Mann‒Whitney U test was applied when comparing the differences in CSF sTREM2 and CSF CD44 between the good outcome group and poor outcome group in anti-NMDAR encephalitis