Fig. 4

1400W significantly reduced the soman-induced nitrite (A) and ROS (B) production in the serum, and mitigated soman-induced glutathione oxidation (C). 1400W significantly reduced soman-induced proinflammatory cytokines (IL1β, TNFα) and a chemokine, MCP1 in both serum and CSF (D, E). Serum IL-6 was also affected by the treatment (D). Assays were performed at 3.5 months post-treatment. A–D Two-way ANOVA (Tukey’s multiple comparisons test); E one-way ANOVA (Tukey’s multiple comparison test for TNF-α and IL1-β) and one-way ANOVA (Dunn’s multiple comparison test for MCP-1); for all, n = 6–8 for serum; 5–7 for CSF; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 vs control; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001, ^####p < 0.0001, vs Soman + vehicle