WNV | DENV | TBEV | ZIKV | JEV | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pro-oxidants regulation | |||||
Skin | ↑ ROS | ↑ ROS | No data so far | ↑ ROS, MDA | No data so far |
Blood | N/A | ↑ ROS, MDA | ↑ XO, ROS, 4HNE, 8-isoPGF2α | N/A | N/A |
OUN | N/A | ↑ ROS | N/A | N/A | ↑ ROS, MDA |
Antioxidants regulation | |||||
Skin | ↑ GSH ↓ Nrf2 | ↓ Nrf2 | N/A | ↓SOD, CAT, Nrf2, GSH, HO-1 | N/A |
Blood | N/A | ↓ GSH, SOD, CAT | ↑ Nrf2 ↓ GSH | N/A | N/A |
OUN | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ↑ SOD ↓CAT, GSH |
Inflammation | |||||
Skin | ↑TNF-α, NFκB, IL-6, IFN-β ↓IL-10 | ↑ TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10 chemokines, ↓ IFN-γ, IL-12 | N/A | ↑ TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β, chemokines ↓ IL-10 | ↑ TNF-α, IFN-β, IL-6 |
Blood | N/A | ↑ TNF-α, NF-κB,IL-6 | ↑ TNF-α, NF-κB | N/A | N/A |
OUN | ↑TNF-α,IL-6, chemokines | ↑ IL-6, IL-8, CCL5 | ↑TNF-α, IFN-γ, IFN-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, chemokines ↓IL-10 | ↑TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β | ↑ TNF-α, NF-κB, IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-1β, chemokines ↓ IL-10 |
Medical consequences of disease | |||||
Skin | Rash without pruritus shit on the trunk and lower limbs | “white islands in a sea of red” | N/A | Itchy maculopapular rash | N/A |
Blood | Thrombocytopenia | - ↑ Hematocrit - Thrombocytopenia - Leukopenia - ↑ ALT/AST | N/A | - Thrombocytopaenia - Leukopenia - Lymphocytosis - Monocytosis - ↑ALT/AST/LDH | - Thrombocytopenia - Leukopenia - Hyponatremia - ↑ ALT/AST |
OUN | - Meningitis, - Encephalitis and/or myelitis | Encephalitis | - Meningitis, - Encephalitis - Cerebellitis - Myelitis | - Microcephaly with underdevelopment of the cerebrum - Psychomotor disorders - Spastic hemiplegia | - Encephalitis with disturbance of consciousness - Generalized seizures - Aseptic meningitis - Acute psychosis |