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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: Naïve Huntington’s disease microglia mount a normal response to inflammatory stimuli but display a partially impaired development of innate immune tolerance that can be counteracted by ganglioside GM1

Fig. 2

Q7/7 and Q140/140 microglia display similar levels of activation in response to TLR2 ligands and necrotic cells. A Schematic experimental design showing the time points for cytokine analysis. Q7/7 and Q140/140 microglia stimulated with LTA (10 μg/ml) for 6, 10 and 24 h express similar levels of Il-1b, Il-6 and Tnf mRNAs (B), and secrete similar amounts of TNF (C) and nitric oxide (D) in the medium. Gene expression was normalized over the geometric mean of three housekeeping genes (Normalization Index). One-way ANOVA was used to confirm an effect of treatment in each genotype. Unpaired two-tailed t-test was used to compare between genotypes at each time point. N ≥ 3. E Microglia were incubated with necrotic N2a cells expressing wild-type HTT exon 1(25Q) or mutant HTT exon 1 (97Q) at the ratio of 1:2 (microglia to necrotic cells). mRNA expression of Il-1b, Il-6 and Tnf was measured after 4 h by qPCR. Graphs show fold change of mRNA expression in Q140/140 microglia compared to Q7/7 microglia exposed to the same type of necrotic cells. N ≥ 4. Ratio paired t-test was used to compare between the genotypes following activation with each specific type of necrotic cell. Bars are mean values ± STDEV. *p < 0.05

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094