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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: Extracellular vesicles from hiPSC-NSCs can prevent peripheral inflammation-induced cognitive dysfunction with inflammasome inhibition and improved neurogenesis in the hippocampus

Fig. 2

Intranasal administration of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells (hiPSC-NSCs) prevented lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced impairments in associative recognition memory formation and temporal pattern processing. Bar chart A compares total distances traveled in an open field test between naïve control, LPS + Veh, and different LPS + EV groups. The cartoon in B shows the various trials (T1–T3) involved in the object-in-place test. The bar charts in C–E compare the propensity of animals to explore objects in novel and familiar places (OINP and OIFP), whereas bar chart F compares the OINP discrimination index across the three groups. The cartoon in G illustrates the different trials (T1–T5) involved in the temporal pattern processing task. The bar charts in H–J compare the preference of animals to explore the previously explored object (PEO) versus the recently explored object (REO), whereas bar chart K compares the PEO discrimination index across the three groups. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; and ****, p < 0.0001; NS not significant

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094