Fig. 2

Metabolomics analysis of the hypothalamus from male and female mice with LPS-induced depressive-like behavior compared to their control counterparts. A 3D view of the OPLS-DA model showing four clearly separated groups, including saline-treated male controls (CON-Male, purple), LPS-treated depressive-like male mice (LPS-Male, green), saline-treated female controls (CON-Female, blue), and LPS-treated depressive-like female mice (LPS-Female, turquoise). B The OPLS–DA model shows a more noticeable separation between t each group pair. The colours correspond to those in (A). C The permutation test suggests the validity of the OPLS–DA model between each group pair, as the Q² and R² values yielded by the permutation test were higher than their original values