Fig. 3
Therapeutic treatment with LXB4 reduces microglial activation in the inner retina. A Schematic of the LPS-induced retinal inflammation model, subsequent intravitreal treatments and evaluation at 72 h (48 h after lipoxin treatments). B Representative images of therapeutic treatment with LXA4 or LXB4 suggesting little effect on Müller glia activation highlighted by GFAP staining of retinal fibers (arrows). C Activated microglia (amoeboid Iba1; green, arrows) in the inner retina were reduced by post-inflammation treatment with LXA4 or LXB4. D Therapeutic treatment with LXA4 or LXB4 did not substantially reduce the levels of infiltrating macrophages (F4-80; green) accumulating at the vitreal–retinal interface (arrows). E Corresponding quantification of activated Müller glia confirmed that LXA4 and LXB4 post-inflammation treatment had no significant effect compared to Vehicle (Veh). F Quantification of activated amoeboid microglia in the inner retina showed that post-inflammation LXB4 treatment significantly reduced activated microglia compared to control (**p < 0.01 G) Quantification of F4-80 staining confirmed no significant effect of LXA4 or LXB4 treatment post-inflammation. (GCL; ganglion cell layer, IPL; inner plexiform layer, INL; inner nuclear layer, scale bars represent 100 µm, graph bars represent SE)