Fig. 2

OI treatment alleviates POCD and inhibits hippocampal neuroinflammation in aged mice. a-c Open field test (OFT) was used to detect anxiety and motor activity in aged mice; a Road map of the OFT, b Time spent in the center region, c average velocity in the OFT. d, e The NOR test was performed to measure the recognition memory; d The typical routes in the NOR tests, e Discrimination index. Determination of IL-1β (f) and IL-6 (g) levels by ELISA in primary microglia. Determination of IL-1β (h) and IL-6 (i) levels by ELISA in the hippocampus of aged mice. Representative immunofluorescence staining and statistics of GFAP (j–m) and Iba1 (n–q) in the hippocampal DG and CA1 region of aged mice. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, n = 12 for behavioral experiments, n = 4 for inflammatory cytokines and immunofluorescence staining analysis, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA. ns, no significant difference