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The tetracycline transactivator (tTA) system provides controllable transgene expression through oral administration of the broad-spectrum antibiotic doxycycline. Antibiotic treatment for transgene control in m...
Sepsis is a life-threatening state that arises due to a hyperactive inflammatory response stimulated by infection and rarely other insults (e.g., non-infections tissue injury). Although changes in several proi...
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that involves B-cell receptor signaling as well as astrocyte–microglia interaction, which both...
Pathological neovascularization is a pivotal biological process in wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), in which macrophage...
Reinstating inflammation resolution represents an innovative concept to regain inflammation control in diseases marked by chronic inflammation. While most therapeutics target inflammatory molecules and inflamm...
Excess tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperinflammatory experimental cerebral malaria (eCM), including gliosis, increased levels of fibrin(ogen) in the brain, behavioral chang...
Cognitive impairment is associated with dysregulated immune responses. Emerging evidence indicates that Th17 cells and their characteristic cytokine-IL-17 are receiving growing interest in the pathogenesis of ...
Inflammasomes in astrocytes have been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cannabinoid Receptor 2(CB2R),...
Acute hyperbaric O2 (HBO) therapy after spinal cord injury (SCI) can reduce inflammation and increase neuronal survival. To our knowledge, it is unknown if these benefits of HBO require hyperbaric vs. normobaric ...
G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120, Ffar4) is a sensor for long-chain fatty acids including omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) known for beneficial effects on inflammation, metabolism, and moo...
Ischemic stroke is a major global health issue and characterized by acute vascular dysfunction and subsequent neuroinflammation. However, the relationship between these processes remains elusive. In the curren...
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication of otherwise curative allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplants. Chronic GVHD induces pathological changes in peripheral organs as well as the b...
The neurological effects of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) raise concerns about potential long-term consequences, such as an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation and other ...
Brain innate immune activation is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but degrees of activation may vary between disease stages. Thus, brain innate immune activation must be assessed in longitudinal clin...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells (hiPSC-NSCs) are enriched with miRNAs and proteins capable of mediating robust antiinflammatory activity. ...
Neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction play crucial roles in retinal ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. Recent studies have identified mitochondrial function as a promising target for immunomodulat...
The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in inflammation is well characterized in the immune system and in response to tissue injury. More recently, HMGB1 was also shown to initiate an “inflammatory signa...
Skull bone marrow is thought to be an immune tissue closely associated with the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have focused on the role of skull bone marrow in central nervous system disorders. I...
Depression is two-to-three times more frequent among women. The hypothalamus, a sexually dimorphic area, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Neuroinflammation-induced hypothalamic dysfunc...
Neuroinflammation appears to involve some degree of excitotoxicity promulgated by microglia, which release glutamate via the system xC− (SxC−) cystine-glutamate antiporter. With the aim of mitigating this source ...
Current effective therapies for autoimmune diseases rely on systemic immunomodulation that broadly affects all T and/or B cell responses. An ideal therapeutic approach would combine autoantigen-specific target...
Glial cell-mediated neuroinflammation and neuronal attrition are highly correlated with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease. YKL-40 is a secreted astrocytic glycoprotein that serves as a diagnostic bio...
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is characterized by symptoms of delirium including hallucinations, impaired concentration, agitation, or coma and is associated with poor outcome in the early phase of se...
The original article was published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2023 20:214
The original article was published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2023 20:248
Alterations in progranulin (PGRN) expression are associated with multiple neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and lyso...
Cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury causes significant harm to human health and is a major contributor to stroke-related deaths worldwide. Current treatments are limited, and new, more effective prevention an...
Neuroinflammation mediated by microglial pyroptosis is an important pathogenic mechanism of septic encephalopathy (SAE). It has been reported that TRIM45 is associated with tumours and inflammatory diseases. H...
As one of most common and severe mental disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly increases the risks of premature death and other medical conditions for patients. Neuroinflammation is the abnor...
The gut microbiota has recently attracted attention as a pathogenic factor in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Microfold (M) cells, which play a crucial role in the gut immune response against external antigens, are ...
Inflammatory response triggered by innate immunity plays a pivotal element in the progress of ischemic stroke. Receptor-interacting kinase 2 (RIP2) is implicated in maintaining immunity homeostasis and regulat...
Neonatal encephalopathy following hypoxia–ischemia (HI) is a leading cause of childhood death and morbidity. Hypothermia (HT), the only available but obligatory therapy is limited due to a short therapeutic wi...
Vision loss in patients with wet/exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is associated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and AMD is the leading cause of irreversible vision impairment in older ...
Synaptic loss is closely associated with tau aggregation and microglia activation in later stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, synaptic damage happens early in AD at the very early stages of tau accum...
Luteolin is a flavonoid found in high concentrations in celery and green pepper, and acts as a neuroprotectant. PSMC5 (proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 5) protein levels were reduced after luteolin stimulation i...
Chronic activation and dysfunction of microglia have been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington’s disease (HD). HD is a genetic condition caus...
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are involved in the systemic immune response after ischemic stroke. However, their role remains unclear, and the effect appears to be both neuroprotective and detrimental. Treg suppr...
Nuclear receptor related-1 (Nurr1), a ligand-activated transcription factor, is considered a potential susceptibility gene for Parkinson’s disease (PD), and has been demonstrated to possess protective effects ...
Traumatic spinal cord injury can cause immediate physical damage to the spinal cord and result in severe neurological deficits. The primary, mechanical tissue damage triggers a variety of secondary damage mech...
Microglia are increasingly understood to play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. The rs75932628 (p.R47H) TREM2 variant is a well-established risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. TREM2 i...
Previously we reported that inhibition of GPR17 prevents amyloid β 1–42 (Aβ1-42)-induced cognitive impairment in mice. However, the role of GPR17 on cognition is still largely unknown.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an uncommon type of potentially fatal stroke. The pathophysiological mechanisms of brain injury remain unclear, which hinders the development of drugs for SAH. We aimed to inve...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology and amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque deposition progress slowly in the cerebellum compared to other brain regions, while the entorhinal cortex (EC) is one of the most vulnerable regi...
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a natural anthocyanin with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. However, as the effects of C3G on the amyloidogenic pathway, autophagy, tau phosphorylation,...
Brain pericytes participate in the regulation of cerebral blood flow and the maintenance of blood–brain barrier integrity. Because of their perivascular localization, their receptor repertoire, and their poten...
Cochlear implants (CIs) restore hearing to deafened patients. The foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (post-CI) comprises an infiltration of macrophages, other immune and non-immune cel...
Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH) are associated with stroke, cognitive decline, and normal aging. Our previous study shows that the interaction between oxidatively stressed red blood cells (RBC) and cerebral en...
Lipid metabolism has a crucial role in neural repair in neurodegenerative diseases. We recently revealed that lipogenesis-mediated interleukin-33 (IL-33) upregulation lead to blood–brain barrier (BBB) repair a...
The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis was used in combination with a Cav1.2 conditional knock-out mouse (Cav1.2KO) to study the role of astrocytic voltage-gated Ca++ chan...
Ongoing neuroaxonal damage is a major contributor to disease progression and long-term disability in multiple sclerosis. However, spatio-temporal distribution and pathophysiological mechanisms of neuroaxonal d...
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Journal of Neuroinflammation