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Forkhead-Box-Protein P3 (FoxP3) is a transcription factor and marker of regulatory T cells, converting naive T cells into Tregs that can downregulate the effector function of other T cells. We previously detec...
The causes of grey matter pathology and diffuse neuron injury in MS remain incompletely understood. Axonal stress signals arising from white matter lesions has been suggested to play a role in initiating this ...
Microglia, the innate immune cells in the central nervous system, play an essential role in brain homeostasis, neuroinflammation and brain infections. Dysregulated microglia, on the other hand, are associated ...
Previous studies have demonstrated that purinergic receptors could be therapeutic targets to modulate the inflammatory response in multiple models of brain diseases. However, tools for the selective and effici...
Neuroinflammation is a common feature during the development of neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, where glial cells, such as microglia and astrocytes, play key roles in the activation and ...
Neuropathic pain is experienced worldwide by patients suffering from nerve injuries, infectious or metabolic diseases or chemotherapy. However, the treatment options are still limited because of low efficacy a...
The immune system has been implicated in synaptic plasticity, inflammation, and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there were few studies on improving the niche microenvironment of neural st...
Despite widespread searches, there are currently no validated biofluid markers for the detection of subclinical neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). The dynamic nature of human metabolism in response ...
The adaptive immune system and associated inflammation are vital in surveillance and host protection against internal and external threats, but can secondarily damage host tissues. The central nervous system i...
Immunosurveillance of the central nervous system (CNS) is vital to resolve infection and injury. However, immune activation within the CNS in the setting of chronic viral infections, such as HIV-1, is strongly...
Trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons are the main site of lifelong latent herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. T-cells in ganglia contribute to long-term control of latent HSV-1 infection, but it is uncle...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly globally. Emerging evidence has demonstrated microglia-driven neuroinflammation as a key contributor to the onset and progre...
Sex differences have been identified in many diseases associated with dysregulated immune responses, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), for which approximately two-thirds of patients are women. An accumulatin...
Differential microglial inflammatory responses play a role in regulation of differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocytes (OLs) in brain white matter. How microglia–OL crosstalk is altered by traumatic br...
Stroke is associated with high disability and mortality rates and increases the incidence of organ-related complications. Research has revealed that the outcomes and prognosis of stroke are regulated by the st...
Neuropathic pain is still a challenge for clinical treatment as a result of the comprehensive pathogenesis. Although emerging evidence demonstrates the pivotal role of glial cells in regulating neuropathic pai...
Moderate physical exercise is conducive to the brains of healthy humans and AD patients. Previous reports have suggested that treadmill exercise plays an anti-AD role and improves cognitive ability by promotin...
Stimulator of interferons genes (STING), which is crucial for the secretion of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines in response to cytosolic nucleic acids, plays a key role in the innate immune sys...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, debilitating condition characterized by CNS autoimmunity stemming from a complex etiology involving both environmental and genetic factors. Our current understanding of MS...
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and devastating psychiatric illness. Unfortunately, the current therapeutic practice, generally depending on the serotonergic system for drug treatment is unsatis...
In neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), neutrophils are found in CNS lesions. We previously demonstrated that NMOSD neutr...
Pathophysiological consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) mediated secondary injury remain incompletely understood. In particular, the impact of TBI on the differentiation and maintenance of dendritic ce...
Microglia pyroptosis-mediated neuroinflammation is thought to be the crucial pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Erbin has been reported to be associated with various inflammatory diseases....
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and its pathogenesis is still unclear. There is dysbiosis of gut microbiota in AD patients. More importantly, dysbiosis of the gut microbio...
A diverse heterogeneity of microglial cells was previously described in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, including dark microglia, a state characterized by ultrastructural markers of cellular stress. To pro...
Research in recent years firmly established that microglial cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In parallel, a series of studies showed that, under both homeostatic an...
The spleen, a substantial reservoir of non-differentiated monocytes, may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of post-ischemic inflammation and influence outcomes after ischemic stroke.
Early life stress (ELS) is associated with the development of schizophrenia later in life. The hippocampus develops significantly during childhood and is extremely reactive to stress. In rodent models, ELS can...
Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is the most serious complication of radiotherapy in patients with head and neck tumors, which seriously affects the quality of life. Currently, there is no effective treat...
The original article was published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2019 16:124
Dysfunctional humoral and cellular innate immunity are key components in the development and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Specifically, chronically activated microglia and their distu...
Cerebral vasospasm (CV) can contribute to significant morbidity in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. A key unknown is how CV induction is triggered following SAH.
The original article was published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2017 14:234
Evidence from experimental and clinical studies implicates immuno-inflammatory responses as playing an important role in epilepsy-induced brain injury. Captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (AC...
Early invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Gray et al. in Brain Pathol 6:1–15, 1996; An et al. in Ann Neurol 40:611–6172, 1996), results in neuroinflammation, pot...
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is the most common cause of permanent hearing loss in children in the developing world. A large component of the permanent hearing loss is sensory in nature and our unde...
Multifactorial diseases are characterized by inter-individual variation in etiology, age of onset, and penetrance. These diseases tend to be relatively common and arise from the combined action of genetic and ...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to a global pandemic. Although COVID-19 was initially described as a respiratory disease, th...
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-derived small Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs) are considered as a new cell-free therapy for pain caused by nerve injury, but whether human placental mesenchymal stem cell-derived sEV...
Intravenous methylprednisolone is the standard treatment for a multiple sclerosis relapse; however, this fails to improve symptoms in up to one quarter of patients. Immunoadsorption is an accepted treatment fo...
Since the twenty-first century, the development of technological advances in anesthesia and surgery has brought benefits to human health. However, the adverse neurological effects of perioperative-related fact...
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 1 (Trem1) is an important regulator of cellular inflammatory responses. Neuroinflammation is a common thread across various neurological diseases. Soluble Trem1 (s...
Neuroinflammation is emerging as an important pathological process in frontotemporal dementia (FTD), but biomarkers are lacking. We aimed to determine the value of complement proteins, which are key components...
Retinal degenerative diseases are a group of conditions characterized by photoreceptor death and vision loss. Excessive inflammation and microglial activation contribute to the pathology of retinal degeneratio...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia. Among various pathophysiological aspects, microglia are considered to play important roles in the pa...
Brain injury is the main cause of high mortality and disability after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from sudden cardiac arrest (CA). The transient receptor potential M4 (TRPM4) channel is a no...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized as renal dysfunction, is regarded as a major public health problem which carries a high risk of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the...
Interleukin-27 (IL-27) can trigger both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. This cytokine is elevated in the central nervous system (CNS) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, but how it influences neuroinfla...
Local neuroinflammation secondary to spinal nerve compression in lumbar disk herniation (LDH) is a key driver contributing to neuropathic pain. Manual therapy (MT), a widely used nonsurgical therapy, can relie...
Asthma is a major public health problem worldwide. Emerging data from epidemiological studies show that allergies and allergic diseases may be linked to anxiety, depression and cognitive decline. However, litt...
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Journal of Neuroinflammation