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Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a devastating neonatal stroke, in which neuroinflammation is a critical pathological contributor. Slit2, a secreted extracellular matrix protein, plays a repulsive role in a...
Childhood represents a period of significant growth and maturation for the brain, and is also associated with a heightened risk for mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI). There is also concern that repeated-mTB...
Disruption of the extracellular matrix at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) underpins neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). The degradation of extracellular matrix components, such as heparan sulfate (HS) ...
Inflammation during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). Increased gestational inflammation can be a result of an immune condition/disease, exposure to infecti...
Microglia, an immune cell found exclusively within the CNS, initially develop from haematopoietic stem cell precursors in the yolk sac and colonise all regions of the CNS early in development. Microglia have b...
The original article was published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2022 19:38
Enteric glia contribute to the pathophysiology of various intestinal immune-driven diseases, such as postoperative ileus (POI), a motility disorder and common complication after abdominal surgery. Enteric glio...
Efferocytosis is a process that removes apoptotic cells and cellular debris. Clearance of these cells alleviates neuroinflammation, prevents the release of inflammatory molecules, and promotes the production o...
This study investigated chronic and repeated sleep deprivation (RSD)-induced neuronal changes in hexosamine biosynthetic pathway/O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (HBP/O-GlcNAc) cycling of glucose metabolism and furth...
Although peripheral nerves have an intrinsic self-repair capacity following damage, functional recovery is limited in patients. It is a well-established fact that macrophages accumulate at the site of injury. ...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can prompt an immediate disruption to the blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB). Restoring the integrity of this barrier is vital for the recovery of neurological function post-SCI. The UTX...
Emerging evidence has shown that myeloid cells that infiltrate into the peri-infarct region may influence the progression of ischemic stroke by interacting with microglia. Properdin, which is typically secrete...
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) causes significant long-term neurocognitive dysfunction, which is associated with hippocampal neuroinflammation. Growing evidences have shown that astrocytes played a significant ...
Ongoing neuroaxonal damage is a major contributor to disease progression and long-term disability in multiple sclerosis. However, spatio-temporal distribution and pathophysiological mechanisms of neuroaxonal d...
The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis was used in combination with a Cav1.2 conditional knock-out mouse (Cav1.2KO) to study the role of astrocytic voltage-gated Ca++ chan...
Lipid metabolism has a crucial role in neural repair in neurodegenerative diseases. We recently revealed that lipogenesis-mediated interleukin-33 (IL-33) upregulation lead to blood–brain barrier (BBB) repair a...
Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH) are associated with stroke, cognitive decline, and normal aging. Our previous study shows that the interaction between oxidatively stressed red blood cells (RBC) and cerebral en...
Cochlear implants (CIs) restore hearing to deafened patients. The foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (post-CI) comprises an infiltration of macrophages, other immune and non-immune cel...
Brain pericytes participate in the regulation of cerebral blood flow and the maintenance of blood–brain barrier integrity. Because of their perivascular localization, their receptor repertoire, and their poten...
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a natural anthocyanin with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. However, as the effects of C3G on the amyloidogenic pathway, autophagy, tau phosphorylation,...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology and amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque deposition progress slowly in the cerebellum compared to other brain regions, while the entorhinal cortex (EC) is one of the most vulnerable regi...
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an uncommon type of potentially fatal stroke. The pathophysiological mechanisms of brain injury remain unclear, which hinders the development of drugs for SAH. We aimed to inve...
Previously we reported that inhibition of GPR17 prevents amyloid β 1–42 (Aβ1-42)-induced cognitive impairment in mice. However, the role of GPR17 on cognition is still largely unknown.
Microglia are increasingly understood to play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. The rs75932628 (p.R47H) TREM2 variant is a well-established risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. TREM2 i...
Traumatic spinal cord injury can cause immediate physical damage to the spinal cord and result in severe neurological deficits. The primary, mechanical tissue damage triggers a variety of secondary damage mech...
Nuclear receptor related-1 (Nurr1), a ligand-activated transcription factor, is considered a potential susceptibility gene for Parkinson’s disease (PD), and has been demonstrated to possess protective effects ...
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are involved in the systemic immune response after ischemic stroke. However, their role remains unclear, and the effect appears to be both neuroprotective and detrimental. Treg suppr...
Chronic activation and dysfunction of microglia have been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington’s disease (HD). HD is a genetic condition caus...
Luteolin is a flavonoid found in high concentrations in celery and green pepper, and acts as a neuroprotectant. PSMC5 (proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 5) protein levels were reduced after luteolin stimulation i...
Synaptic loss is closely associated with tau aggregation and microglia activation in later stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, synaptic damage happens early in AD at the very early stages of tau accum...
Vision loss in patients with wet/exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is associated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and AMD is the leading cause of irreversible vision impairment in older ...
Neonatal encephalopathy following hypoxia–ischemia (HI) is a leading cause of childhood death and morbidity. Hypothermia (HT), the only available but obligatory therapy is limited due to a short therapeutic wi...
Inflammatory response triggered by innate immunity plays a pivotal element in the progress of ischemic stroke. Receptor-interacting kinase 2 (RIP2) is implicated in maintaining immunity homeostasis and regulat...
The gut microbiota has recently attracted attention as a pathogenic factor in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Microfold (M) cells, which play a crucial role in the gut immune response against external antigens, are ...
As one of most common and severe mental disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly increases the risks of premature death and other medical conditions for patients. Neuroinflammation is the abnor...
Neuroinflammation mediated by microglial pyroptosis is an important pathogenic mechanism of septic encephalopathy (SAE). It has been reported that TRIM45 is associated with tumours and inflammatory diseases. H...
Cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury causes significant harm to human health and is a major contributor to stroke-related deaths worldwide. Current treatments are limited, and new, more effective prevention an...
Alterations in progranulin (PGRN) expression are associated with multiple neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and lyso...
The original article was published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2023 20:248
The original article was published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2023 20:214
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is characterized by symptoms of delirium including hallucinations, impaired concentration, agitation, or coma and is associated with poor outcome in the early phase of se...
Glial cell-mediated neuroinflammation and neuronal attrition are highly correlated with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease. YKL-40 is a secreted astrocytic glycoprotein that serves as a diagnostic bio...
Current effective therapies for autoimmune diseases rely on systemic immunomodulation that broadly affects all T and/or B cell responses. An ideal therapeutic approach would combine autoantigen-specific target...
Neuroinflammation appears to involve some degree of excitotoxicity promulgated by microglia, which release glutamate via the system xC− (SxC−) cystine-glutamate antiporter. With the aim of mitigating this source ...
Depression is two-to-three times more frequent among women. The hypothalamus, a sexually dimorphic area, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Neuroinflammation-induced hypothalamic dysfunc...
Skull bone marrow is thought to be an immune tissue closely associated with the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have focused on the role of skull bone marrow in central nervous system disorders. I...
The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in inflammation is well characterized in the immune system and in response to tissue injury. More recently, HMGB1 was also shown to initiate an “inflammatory signa...
Neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction play crucial roles in retinal ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. Recent studies have identified mitochondrial function as a promising target for immunomodulat...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells (hiPSC-NSCs) are enriched with miRNAs and proteins capable of mediating robust antiinflammatory activity. ...
Brain innate immune activation is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but degrees of activation may vary between disease stages. Thus, brain innate immune activation must be assessed in longitudinal clin...
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Journal of Neuroinflammation