Ingall T: Stroke–incidence, mortality, morbidity and risk. J Insur Med. 2004, 36: 143-152.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Qureshi AI, Tuhrim S, Broderick JP, Batjer HH, Hondo H, Hanley DF: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med. 2001, 344: 1450-1460. 10.1056/NEJM200105103441907.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Inagawa T: What are the actual incidence and mortality rates of intracerebral hemorrhage?. Neurosurg Rev. 2002, 25: 237-246. 10.1007/s10143-002-0222-0.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kunz J, Henriquez R, Schneider U, Deuter-Reinhard M, Movva NR, Hall MN: Target of rapamycin in yeast, TOR2, is an essential phosphatidylinositol kinase homolog required for G1 progression. Cell. 1993, 73: 585-596. 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90144-F.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brown EJ, Albers MW, Shin TB, Ichikawa K, Keith CT, Lane WS, Schreiber SL: A mammalian protein targeted by G1-arresting rapamycin-receptor complex. Nature. 1994, 369: 756-758. 10.1038/369756a0.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sabatini DM, Erdjument-Bromage H, Lui M, Tempst P, Snyder SH: RAFT1: a mammalian protein that binds to FKBP12 in a rapamycin-dependent fashion and is homologous to yeast TORs. Cell. 1994, 78: 35-43. 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90570-3.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Castilho RM, Squarize CH, Chodosh LA, Williams BO, Gutkind JS: mTOR mediates Wnt-induced epidermal stem cell exhaustion and aging. Cell Stem Cell. 2009, 5: 279-289. 10.1016/j.stem.2009.06.017.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Harris TE, Lawrence JC: TOR signaling. Sci STKE. 2003, 212: re15.
Google Scholar
Inoki K, Zhu T, Guan KL: TSC2 mediates cellular energy response to control cell growth and survival. Cell. 2003, 115: 577-590. 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00929-2.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zeng LH, Rensing NR, Wong M: The mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway mediates epileptogenesis in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neurosci. 2009, 29: 6964-6972. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0066-09.2009.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pan T, Kondo S, Zhu W, Xie W, Jankovic J, Le W: Neuroprotection of rapamycin in lactacystin-induced neurodegeneration via autophagy enhancement. Neurobiol Dis. 2008, 32: 16-25. 10.1016/j.nbd.2008.06.003.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Malagelada C, Jin ZH, Jackson-Lewis V, Przedborski S, Greene LA: Rapamycin protects against neuron death in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson’s disease. J Neurosci. 2010, 30: 1166-1175. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3944-09.2010.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
An WL, Cowburn RF, Li L, Braak H, Alafuzoff I, Iqbal K, Iqbal IG, Winblad B, Pei JJ: Up-regulation of phosphorylated/activated p70 S6 kinase and its relationship to neurofibrillary pathology in Alzheimer’s disease. Am J Pathol. 2003, 163: 591-607. 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63687-5.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chen S, Atkins CM, Liu CL, Alonso OF, Dietrich WD, Hu BR: Alterations in mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathways after traumatic brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2007, 27: 939-949.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Xi G, Keep RF, Hoff JT: Mechanisms of brain injury after intracerebral haemorrhage. Lancet Neurol. 2006, 5: 53-63. 10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70283-0.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang J, Tsirka SE: Contribution of extracellular proteolysis and microglia to intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2005, 3: 77-85. 10.1385/NCC:3:1:077.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang Q, Tang XN, Yenari MA: The inflammatory response in stroke. J Neuroimmunol. 2007, 184: 53-68. 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.11.014.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nilupul Perera M, Ma HK, Arakawa S, Howells DW, Markus R, Rowe CC, Donnan GA: Inflammation following stroke. J Clin Neurosci. 2006, 13: 1-8. 10.1016/j.jocn.2005.07.005.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Liesz A, Suri-Payer E, Veltkamp C, Doerr H, Sommer C, Rivest S, Giese T, Veltkamp R: Regulatory T cells are key cerebroprotective immunomodulators in acute experimental stroke. Nat Med. 2009, 15: 192-199. 10.1038/nm.1927.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Suri-Payer E, Fritzsching B: Regulatory T cells in experimental autoimmune disease. Springer Semin Immunopathol. 2006, 28: 3-16. 10.1007/s00281-006-0021-8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
O’Garra A, Vieira P: Regulatory T cells and mechanisms of immune system control. Nat Med. 2004, 10: 801-805. 10.1038/nm0804-801.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Battaglia M, Stabilini A, Roncarolo MG: Rapamycin selectively expands CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. Blood. 2005, 105: 4743-4748. 10.1182/blood-2004-10-3932.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kopf H, de la Rosa GM, Howard OM, Chen X: Rapamycin inhibits differentiation of Th17 cells and promotes generation of FoxP3+ T regulatory cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2007, 7: 1819-1824. 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.08.027.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rosenberg GA, Mun-Bryce S, Wesley M, Kornfeld M: Collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Stroke. 1990, 21: 801-807. 10.1161/01.STR.21.5.801.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Deinsberger W, Vogel J, Kuschinsky W, Auer LM, Boker DK: Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: description of a double injection model in rats. Neurol Res. 1996, 18: 475-477.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schallert T, Kozlowski DA, Humm JL, Cocke RR: Use-dependent structural events in recovery of function. Adv Neurol. 1997, 73: 229-238.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shohami E, Novikov M, Bass R: Long-term effect of HU-211, a novel non-competitive NMDA antagonist, on motor and memory functions after closed head injury in the rat. Brain Res. 1995, 674: 55-62. 10.1016/0006-8993(94)01433-I.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gelderblom M, Leypoldt F, Steinbach K, Behrens D, Choe CU, Siler DA, Arumugam TV, Orthey E, Gerloff C, Tolosa E, Magnus T: Temporal and spatial dynamics of cerebral immune cell accumulation in stroke. Stroke. 2009, 40: 1849-1857. 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.534503.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ma XM, Blenis J: Molecular mechanisms of mTOR-mediated translational control. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2009, 10: 307-318. 10.1038/nrm2672.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Radimerski T, Montagne J, Rintelen F, Stocker H, van der Kaay J, Downes CP, Hafen E, Thomas G: dS6K-regulated cell growth is dPKB/dPI(3)K-independent, but requires dPDK1. Nat Cell Biol. 2002, 4: 251-255. 10.1038/ncb763.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Meyuhas O: Synthesis of the translational apparatus is regulated at the translational level. Eur J Biochem. 2000, 267: 6321-6330. 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01719.x.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Erlich S, Alexandrovich A, Shohami E, Pinkas-Kramarski R: Rapamycin is a neuroprotective treatment for traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis. 2007, 26: 86-93. 10.1016/j.nbd.2006.12.003.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Carloni S, Buonocore G, Balduini W: Protective role of autophagy in neonatal hypoxia–ischemia induced brain injury. Neurobiol Dis. 2008, 32: 329-339. 10.1016/j.nbd.2008.07.022.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhang W, Khatibi NH, Yamaguchi-Okada M, Yan J, Chen C, Hu Q, Meng H, Han H, Liu S, Zhou C: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition reduces cerebral vasospasm following a subarachnoid hemorrhage injury in canines. Exp Neurol. 2012, 233: 799-806. 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.11.046.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Powell JD, Pollizzi KN, Heikamp EB, Horton MR: Regulation of immune responses by mTOR. Annu Rev Immunol. 2012, 30: 39-68. 10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075024.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang J, Dore S: Inflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2007, 27: 894-908.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dello Russo C, Lisi L, Tringali G, Navarra P: Involvement of mTOR kinase in cytokine-dependent microglial activation and cell proliferation. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009, 78: 1242-1251. 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.06.097.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Popko B, Corbin JG, Baerwald KD, Dupree J, Garcia AM: The effects of interferon-gamma on the central nervous system. Mol Neurobiol. 1997, 14: 19-35. 10.1007/BF02740619.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Meda L, Cassatella MA, Szendrei GI, Otvos L, Baron P, Villalba M, Ferrari D, Rossi F: Activation of microglial cells by beta-amyloid protein and interferon-gamma. Nature. 1995, 374: 647-650. 10.1038/374647a0.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hartlage-Rubsamen M, Lemke R, Schliebs R: Interleukin-1beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor-kappaB are induced in morphologically distinct microglia after rat hippocampal lipopolysaccharide/interferon-gamma injection. J Neurosci Res. 1999, 57: 388-398. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19990801)57:3<388::AID-JNR11>3.0.CO;2-2.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Strle K, Zhou JH, Shen WH, Broussard SR, Johnson RW, Freund GG, Dantzer R, Kelley KW: Interleukin-10 in the brain. Crit Rev Immunol. 2001, 21: 427-449.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sharma S, Yang B, Xi X, Grotta JC, Aronowski J, Savitz SI: IL-10 directly protects cortical neurons by activating PI-3 kinase and STAT-3 pathways. Brain Res. 2011, 1373: 189-194.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gliem M, Mausberg AK, Lee JI, Simiantonakis I, van Rooijen N, Hartung HP, Jander S: Macrophages prevent hemorrhagic infarct transformation in murine stroke models. Ann Neurol. 2012, 71: 743-752. 10.1002/ana.23529.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krupinski J, Kumar P, Kumar S, Kaluza J: Increased expression of TGF-beta 1 in brain tissue after ischemic stroke in humans. Stroke. 1996, 27: 852-857. 10.1161/01.STR.27.5.852.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Leker RR, Toth ZE, Shahar T, Cassiani-Ingoni R, Szalayova I, Key S, Bratincsak A, Mezey E: Transforming growth factor alpha induces angiogenesis and neurogenesis following stroke. Neuroscience. 2009, 163: 233-243. 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.05.050.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krupinski J, Issa R, Bujny T, Slevin M, Kumar P, Kumar S, Kaluza J: A putative role for platelet-derived growth factor in angiogenesis and neuroprotection after ischemic stroke in humans. Stroke. 1997, 28: 564-573. 10.1161/01.STR.28.3.564.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gaengel K, Genove G, Armulik A, Betsholtz C: Endothelial-mural cell signaling in vascular development and angiogenesis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009, 29: 630-638. 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.161521.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhou L, Chong MM, Littman DR: Plasticity of CD4+ T cell lineage differentiation. Immunity. 2009, 30: 646-655. 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.05.001.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Josefowicz SZ, Rudensky A: Control of regulatory T cell lineage commitment and maintenance. Immunity. 2009, 30: 616-625. 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.04.009.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar